On December 19, 2025, the Supreme Court described child trafficking and commercial sexual exploitation by organized cartels as a “deeply disturbing reality” in India. The court said such crimes continue despite laws meant to protect children. These trafficking networks are complex, working through many layers like recruiting, transporting, and exploiting minors. A bench led by Justices Manoj Misra and Joymalya Bagchi stressed that courts should not doubt a trafficked child’s testimony just because of small inconsistencies. “Her deposition is to be given due regard and credence as that of an injured witness,” the court ordered. Justice Bagchi called these offences an attack on human dignity and the body’s integrity. The judgment focused on a 2010 case where a minor was forced into sexual acts by a gang in Bengaluru. She was held in a rental apartment until police rescued her. The court upheld the gang’s conviction under the Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act. It noted the state’s failure to protect the child, calling it “moral and material abandonment.” Justice Bagchi explained that courts should not find a victim’s story unbelievable just because she did not protest immediately. The crime’s layered operation makes it hard for victims to explain clearly how they were trapped. The court highlighted the child’s social and economic vulnerabilities, especially if she belongs to a backward community. The top court urged judges to be sensitive and realistic when judging victim evidence. It acknowledged the pain victims face when recounting their trauma, warning against causing more harm through court processes. This landmark judgment pushes for greater protection of child victims and a stronger legal stand against trafficking networks in India.