The Election Commission of India released draft voter lists for West Bengal on December 16, 2025, after the first phase of the Special Intensive Revision (SIR). The revision led to deletion of 58 lakh electors from the state's rolls. A study by Kolkata-based SABAR Institute found that constituencies with a higher Muslim population have fewer unmapped voters. The 20 assembly seats with the highest unmapped voter shares have an average Muslim population of just 13.75%, well below the state average of 27%. These constituencies are mainly in Kolkata and surrounding districts like North 24 Parganas and Howrah. In contrast, the 20 seats with the lowest unmapped voters have about 40% Muslim population on average, well above state levels. These include seats in Murshidabad, Malda, South 24 Parganas, and Purba Medinipur, areas with significant Muslim voters. SABAR researcher Ashin Chakraborty said, "For years, a section of big and influential leaders has claimed that Muslim infiltrators have entered West Bengal and are voting illegally. But this data-based evidence clearly shows that the reality is different." He added Muslims usually have the required documents, so they are less likely to be unmapped. Instead, Chakraborty pointed out that the Matuas, a Hindu refugee group mostly from Bangladesh living in North 24 Parganas and Nadia, could face greater exclusion due to lack of legacy data. Many Matuas have applied for citizenship under the Citizenship (Amendment) Act 2019 amid fears over the SIR. This fresh evidence challenges political narratives about voter fraud in Muslim communities and highlights potential risks for other groups.