A major study by the Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law reveals that international laws protecting civilians in war are collapsing. The report, War Watch, covers 23 conflicts from July 2024 to the end of 2025 and finds more than 100,000 civilians killed each year. Many war crimes like torture and rape happen without punishment. Gaza is one of the deadliest zones. The conflict started with Hamas's 7 October 2023 attack. Gaza's population fell by about 254,000 people, a 10.6% decline. By the end of 2025, 18,592 children and 12,400 women were killed. Even after a ceasefire in October 2025, fighting and deaths continue. In Ukraine, civilian deaths rose by 70% in 2025 compared to 2023, reaching 2,514. Russian drone strikes target civilians and have cut off electricity to millions. Sexual violence is widespread. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, an "epidemic" of such crimes affects women and girls across ages. In Sudan, after rebels took El Fasher in October 2025, survivors reported gang-rapes by RSF fighters. Stuart Casey-Maslen, the lead author, said, "Atrocity crimes are being repeated because past ones were tolerated. Our actions – or inaction – will determine whether international humanitarian law vanishes altogether." The report calls for urgent steps like banning arms sales to nations likely to commit war crimes, stopping the use of imprecise bombs and drones in civilian areas, and supporting war crime prosecutions, including better funding for the International Criminal Court. Some major powers, including the US, Russia, China, Israel, and India, are not ICC members. The War Watch report warns that despite binding laws like the Geneva Conventions, serious violations continue unchecked, pushing international humanitarian law to a "critical breaking point."