Researchers have found a giant black coral growing more than four metres tall off the south coast of New Zealand. This coral is estimated to be around 300 years old. It grows slowly and spreads out with huge branches. Unlike usual shallow-water corals, black corals thrive in deep, low light areas. Professor James Bell from Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington led the research team. He said, "The specimen is a very rare species since common black corals in New Zealand rarely grow beyond two to three metres." Black corals are important because their dense branches provide shelter and breeding grounds for many sea creatures, from tiny invertebrates to young fish. Richard Kinsey, a senior biodiversity ranger in New Zealand, said, "In almost 20 years diving in Fiordland, I’ve rarely found coral of this size. It is certainly the largest I have ever encountered." Black corals face threats like boat anchoring, fishing gear damage, and human activity which harms their slow-growing habitat. The Fiordland Marine Area offers partial protection under New Zealand's Marine Protected Areas Policy. Researchers urge stronger enforcement and monitoring to protect these corals. Teams from Victoria University, the Department of Conservation, and Fiordland Marine Guardians are conducting surveys to map key coral areas. They ask divers and locals to report sightings of black corals taller than four metres. Although called black corals, their live colors can be pale or white, making them hard to spot. Identification may require DNA tests. Protected under the Wildlife Act 1953, it is illegal to harm or collect black corals in New Zealand. These corals also serve as natural records for scientists studying past ocean conditions. Around the world, black corals have been used for jewelry and traditional medicine, highlighting their value and need for conservation.